####### Creator ####### .. _creator-definition: ********** Definition ********** A person, agency, or organization primarily responsible for creating the intellectual content of the resource. .. _creator-sources: ******************************************* Where Can the Creator Information be Found? ******************************************* In some cases, creators may come from accompanying or supplementary information, but they may also be found on: +---------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+ |**Item Types** |**Information Sources** | +=======================================+=======================================================+ |For text |- title page | | |- cover | | |- end of document | | |- copyright statement | | |- acknowledgments | +---------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+ |For images |- notes on bottom or back of a photograph | | |- envelope, slip cover, or case | +---------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+ |For maps |- statement in a caption | | |- notes around the outside of the map | +---------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+ |For music scores |- title page or header | | |- top of page | | |- table of contents | +---------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+ |For videos |- label on disc | | |- container cover | | |- title screen(s) or credits | +---------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+ |For sound files |- information on disc/cassette | | |- container information | +---------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+ |For computer files |- title page/screen | | |- statement in a header/footer | +---------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+ .. _creator-form: ************************************** How Creator Works in the Metadata Form ************************************** .. image:: ../_static/images/edit-creator.png :alt: Screenshot of creator element in metadata editing system. Parts: #. Creator name -- text field #. Creator type -- drop-down menu #. Creator role -- drop-down menu #. Creator information -- text field Repeatable? Yes - to include multiple creators, click 'Add' to repeat all field parts Required? No (:doc:`more information `) .. _creator-fill: ************************************ How Should the Creator be Filled in? ************************************ General Creator Rules ===================== - If no creator information is readily available, leave the field blank - Only include individuals/organizations who were primarily responsible for the creation of the item - Secondary "creators" (e.g., agents responsible for only a portion of the work) should be entered as :doc:`contributors ` instead - A name should never be entered as both a creator and a contributor; if an agent acts in multiple capacities, see the :ref:`Role ` section for clarification - For more information about when a person/organization is a creator or a contributor, see our :doc:`definition page ` - An entity **must** have a direct relationship to the item that can be explicated in order to be included as a creator (or contributor) - If there is information about a person/organization that cannot be expressed as a role, it may be appropriate to add it elsewhere, such as a :doc:`Note ` or :ref:`Info ` in relation to an established creator - Include as many creators as are readily available - Place them in order of importance - If creators are equally important, list them in the order that they appear - If a document lists individuals as "et al." include names of every individual author that is known for the item - If a document has an excessively large number of creators or authors (e.g., several hundred researchers) include the parent organizations as creators and the individual persons as contributors - For each creator the name, type, and role are **required** - If possible, consult an authority file to find the correct form of the name, such as: - The `UNT Name App `_ - The `Library of Congress Authorities `_ - A locally-developed utility - Note that organizational names generally reflect the name of the agency at the time the item was created -- e.g., Texas (Republic) vs. Texas, or North Texas State University vs. University of North Texas -- however, if possible, personal names will generally reflect a single, most current version when multiple names (initials, maiden names, etc.) are known to be used by a specific person Creator Names ============= .. _creator-name-per: Personal Names -------------- +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ | **Guideline** | **Examples** | +===========================================================+=======================================+ |If known, use the authorized form of the name from the |Kittrell, Norman G. (Norman Goree), | |`Library of Congress Authorities`_ |1849-1927 | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |If no authorized version is available, enter the most | | |complete version of the name that is known using proper | | |formatting: | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ | a. Invert names (Last, First, Middle) |Hébert, Rachel Bluntzer | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ | b. Use initials if the full name(s) are not known |Reid, Samuel C. | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ | c. Do not change the order of names |Davis, J. Mark | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ | d. Use spaces between initials |Blackburn, J. K. P. | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ | e. Separate hyphenated first names with a hyphen |Hsieh, P.-C. | | instead of a space if only initials are known | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ | f. Put additional middle names after the first name |Briscoe, Mary Jane Harris | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ | g. Keep hyphenated "last names" and compound surnames |- Donahue-Smith, James A. | | together |- Hasanul Basher, A. M. | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ | h. Consider multiple parts (von, de la, etc.) as part |de la Peña, L. R. | | of the last name | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |If it is unclear which part of the name is the surname, | | |enter the name as it appears on the item | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |Use appropriate abbreviations: | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |a. Only include known titles (Dr., Rev., Capt., etc.) |- Morris, Mrs. Harry Joseph | | before the first name if: |- Ross, Lieutenant | | | | | - The title is necessary for clarification of the | | | name (e.g., if the given name for a married | | | woman is unknown) | | | - The title is the only part of the name known | | | (aside from a surname) | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |b. Include suffixes that are a part of the name (Jr., |Roberts, Frank H. H., Jr. | | Sr., etc.) at the end of the name after a second | | | comma | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |- Do not include: | | *Name:* Parera, Mahendra | | | | *Info:* M.B.B.S., Ph.D., M.D., | | - nicknames | MRCPsych, FRANZCP; Albert Road | | - abbreviations | Clinic, Melbourne, Australia | | - titles that do not fit the criteria above | | | - job or educational qualifiers (C.E., D.D.S., Ph.D., | | | etc.) | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |- Some common historical personal name abbreviations: | | *Name:* James, Thomas Leroy | | | | *Info:* Thos. L. James | | - Chas. = Charles | | | - Geo. = George | | | - Jas. = James | | | - Jno. = John | | | - Thos. = Thomas | | | - Wm. = William | | | | | |- Alternate versions and omitted information may be added | | | to the "info" section | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |- If the same person is responsible for multiple items: | | | | | | - Enter the name as consistently as possible in every | | | record | | | - Use the fullest form of the name that is available | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |- If the name changes and it is *certainly* the same | | *Name:* Gaines, Ann | | person: | | *Info:* Ann Sanders | | | | | - Use the later/most current version | | | - Include the former name in the info section if that | | | version is used in the text | | | | | |- When in doubt, enter the name as it appears on the item | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |- Only include the names of specific persons (or | | *Name:* Texas. Department of | | organizations) | Transportation. | |- In cases where the name is not known (e.g., "Staff | | *Info:* Staff Photographer | | Photographer"), either: | | | | | | - Leave the creator field blank | | | - Include the name of the parent organization and add | | | details in the "info" section | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ .. _creator-name-org: Organization Names ------------------ +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ | **Guideline** | **Examples** | +===========================================================+=======================================+ |- If known, use the authorized form of the name from the |Geological Survey (U.S.) | | `Library of Congress Authorities`_ | | |- Otherwise, use these formatting guidelines: | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |For non-government or single-level bodies: | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |- Use the name as it appears in the item |Dallas Heritage Village | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |- Do not invert personal names that are parts of |R. L. Polk & Co. | | organizational names | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |- Write out names rather than using acronyms |Monsoon Asia Integrated Regional Study | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |For hierarchical agencies or entities: | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |- List agency or body parts in hierarchical order, |Texas State College for Women. College | | starting at the highest level and ending with the most |of Industrial Arts. | | specific | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |- Separate the elements of the hierarchy with periods |Dallas (Tex.). Police Department. | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |- Preface the name of government agencies with the name of|Washington (State). State Building Code| | the country or state |Advisory Council. Energy Code | | |Committee. | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |- If a hierarchy is unclear, record the name as it appears| | | on the item | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |For United States agencies: | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |- Spell out "United States" unless there is an authorized |United States. Bureau of Mines. | | version that abbreviates it | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |- In the case of a long (well-known) name, it may be |United States. Central Intelligence | | shortened by eliminating unnecessary parts |Agency. | | | | | - For example, the Library of Congress Authorities | | | often omit upper-level intermediary divisions, such | | | as the secondary level in "United States. National | | | Security Council. Central Intelligence Agency." | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |For non-U.S. agencies: | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |- When using an authorized form of the name, it may be | | *Name:* Han'guk Kwahak Kisurwŏn | | appropriate to add notes to the "info" section: | | *Info:* Korea Advanced Institute of | | | Science and Technology | | - If the name is written in a language other than | | | English, add the English translation (if known) +---------------------------------------+ | - If the name is written in English, additional forms |China (Republic : 1949- ). Huan jing | | from the item may be added |bao hu shu. | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |- If there is no authorized form, follow general | | | formatting rules | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ .. _creator-type: Creator Type ============ - Choose the appropriate creator type: +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ | **Guideline** | **Examples** | +===========================================================+=======================================+ |If the creator is an individual |Personal | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |If the creator is a company, organization, association, |Organization | |agency, or other institution | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |If it is unclear whether the creator name belongs to an | | |individual or an organization, use "Personal" and format | | |the name appropriately | | | | | | - (If it is important to document or clarify this | | | choice, use a | | | :ref:`Non-Display Note `) | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ - In some rare and very specific cases, other options may apply: +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ | **Guideline** | **Examples** | +===========================================================+=======================================+ |If the creator is a conference or other event that produces|Event | |papers and materials (as an entity rather than named | | |individual participants or a hosting organization) | | | | | | - For example: a statement drafted by all members of a| | | symposium or conference as part of the activities of| | | the meeting | | | - There are other ways to represent an event related | | | to the creation of an item, such as Source, when the| | | event *itself* is not the creator | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |If the creator is a computer program that generates data or|Software | |files independently | | | | | | - E.g.: an automatically-generated file created while | | | a computer program was running | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ .. _creator-role: Creator Role ============ Entering Roles -------------- - Choose the appropriate creator role from the `controlled vocabulary `_ +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ | **Guideline** | **Examples** | +===========================================================+=======================================+ |If the role is not listed: | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |- Choose "Other" | | *Name:* Phillips, Nelson | |- Include clarification in the "Info" section | | *Role:* Other | | | | *Info:* Speaker; Associate Justice | | | or the Supreme Court | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |If more than one role applies to the creator: | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |- Choose the primary or most encompassing role (or the one| | *Name:* Harden, Leland | | listed first | | *Role:* Editor | |- Explain the details in the info section | | *Info:* Executive Editor; Sponsor | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ Assigning Roles --------------- - Although the same list of roles is available for both creators and contributors, some roles will generally only apply to contributors: - Agents who only had responsibility for a part, e.g., author of introduction, etc.; witness; consultant; expert - Agents who had an indirect relationship, e.g., funder, sponsor, former owner, donor - Additional explanation is on our creator and contributor :doc:`definition page ` - The role should describe the action that the agent took in creating the item and it may not align with job titles or credentials, for example: +---------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+-------------------+---------------+------------------------------------------+ | |Agents |Role |Field |Example | +===============+===========================================================+===================+===============+==========================================+ |"Director" |director of a performance (film, play, concert, etc.) |Director |Creator | | *Name:* Homer, Paula | | | | | | | *Type:* Personal | | | | | | | *Role:* Director | | | | | | | *Info:* UNT Opera Theater | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+-------------------+---------------+------------------------------------------+ | |executive director of an agency with no apparent personal |n/a |Creator | | *Name:* Texas. Department of | | |contribution to the item | | | Transportation. | | | | | | | *Type:* Organization | | | | | | | *Role:* Author | | | | | | | *Info:* Phil Wilson, Executive Director| | +-----------------------------------------------------------+-------------------+---------------+------------------------------------------+ | |executive director of an agency with a described or |Author of |Contributor | | *Name:* Camargo, Gene | | |understandable role (e.g., author of transmittal letter) |introduction, etc. | | | *Type:* Personal | | | | | | | *Role:* Author of introduction, etc. | | | |(or another | | | *Info:* Director of Building | | | |appropriate role) | | Inspections | +---------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+-------------------+---------------+------------------------------------------+ |"Performer" |- musician in a recital or concert |Performer |Creator | | *Name:* North Texas Wind Symphony | | |- actor in a play or movie | | | | *Type:* Organization | | | | | | | *Role:* Performer | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+-------------------+---------------+------------------------------------------+ | |a person/organization that "performed" work or research |Originator, |Creator | | *Name:* Quigg, Antonietta Salvatrice | | |(aside from, or in addition to, specific person/s who |Researcher, or | | | *Type:* Personal | | |authored a report or created some product of the work) |another appropriate| | | *Role:* Author | | | |role +---------------+------------------------------------------+ | | | |Contributor | | *Name:* Texas Water Development Board | | | | | | | *Type:* Organization | | | | | | | *Role:* Originator | +---------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+-------------------+---------------+------------------------------------------+ |"Consultant" |a consulting company or person that authors a report |Author |Creator | | *Name:* Kerley, Gerald Irwin | | | | | | | *Type:* Personal | | | | | | | *Role:* Author | | | | | | | *Info:* Kerley Technical Consultant, | | | | | | Appomattox, VA) | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+-------------------+---------------+------------------------------------------+ | |- a consultant who provided information as a contribution |Consultant |Contributor | | *Name:* Kanto, Leonard E. | | | to a report | | | | *Type:* Personal | | |- a consultant who spoke during recorded/transcribed | | | | *Role:* Consultant | | | proceedings (could also be an "expert" or "witness" | | | | *Info:* State of Texas Professional | | | depending on the context) | | | Engineer; Consultant Engineer | +---------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+-------------------+---------------+------------------------------------------+ .. _creator-info: Creator Info ============ - Info is not required as part of the creator entry - This field is only for information about the creator listed in or directly related to the object - The info field is not intended for biographies or lengthy descriptions of the agent - It is not necessary to do research to find information; this field is only used for readily-available notes +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ | **Guideline** | **Examples** | +===========================================================+=======================================+ |- Include information that clarifies the role of the |Co-Editor | | creator | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |- Include other relevant information known about the |- Geo. S. Anderson | | creator that relates to the object, such as: |- 1906-2005 | | |- Ph.D.; Texas A & M University | | - Additional forms of the creator's name | Real Estate Center | | - Addresses |- "By his son, the late Wilson Gregg" | | - Birth and death dates (not part of an authorized | (d. 1899) | | name) | | | - Organizational affiliations | | | - Other information associated with the name | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |- For an agency, the info may include: |- LLNL | | |- U.S. Department of Agriculture, | | - Persons associated with the organization who did not| Office of Experiment Stations; W. O.| | have another role (e.g., directors) | Atwater, Director | | - Acronyms, abbreviations, or alternative name forms | | | - Additional omitted hierarchical components (e.g., | | | for some federal agencies) | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ |- There are no strict formatting requirements for info, |- California Univ., Berkeley, CA | | but here are some suggestions: | (United States). Dept. of Geology | | | and Geophysics Lawrence Berkeley | | - List each name, fact, or statement individually and | Lab., CA (United States) | | separate them with semicolons or periods |- Freegift Vandervoort, of Carrizo | | - Use sentence form when relevant, or when taken | Springs, Texas ; F. Vandervoort | | directly from the item |- Member of the Association of | | - Quotation marks may be used when quoting information| American Directory Publishers" | | directly from the item | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ .. _creator-examples: *************** Other Examples: *************** **Book** - *Name:* Farrar, R. M. - *Type:* Personal - *Role:* Author **Yearbook** - *Name:* North Texas Laboratory School - *Type:* Organization - *Role:* Author | - *Name:* Mays, Sharon - *Type:* Personal - *Role:* Editor - *Information:* Co-Editor | - *Name:* Wyss, Margaret - *Type:* Personal - *Role:* Editor - *Information:* Co-Editor **Genealogical newsletter** - *Name:* Texas State Genealogical Society - *Type:* Organization - *Role:* Author | - *Name:* Pryor, Frances - *Type:* Personal - *Role:* Editor **Atlas** - *Name:* Geological Survey (U.S.) - *Type:* Organization - *Role:* Author - *Information:* U.S. Department of the Interior, Geological Survey; J. W. Powell, Director | - *Name:* Dutton, Clarence E. - *Type:* Personal - *Role:* Author - *Information:* Capt. Clarence E. Dutton U.S.A. - Author of "Tertiary History of the Grand Canon District" **Collection of legal papers** - *Name:* Blades, J. R. - *Type:* Personal - *Role:* Compiler - *Information:* Clerk, District Court, Henderson County **Painting** - *Name:* Seurat, Georges, 1859-1891 - *Type:* Personal - *Role:* Artist - *Information:* French **Research report** - *Name:* Moris, Marlene C. - *Type:* Personal - *Role:* Author - *Information:* International Centre for Diffraction Data | - *Name:* McMurdie, Howard F. - *Type:* Personal - *Role:* Author - *Information:* International Centre for Diffraction Data | - *Name:* Evans, Eloise H. - *Type:* Personal - *Role:* Author - *Information:* International Centre for Diffraction Data | - *Name:* Paretzkin, Boris - *Type:* Personal - *Role:* Author - *Information:* International Centre for Diffraction Data | - *Name:* Parker, Harry S. - *Type:* Personal - *Role:* Author - *Information:* International Centre for Diffraction Data | - *Name:* Panagiotopoulos, Nicholas C. - *Type:* Personal - *Role:* Author - *Information:* International Centre for Diffraction Data | - *Name:* Hubbard, Camden R. - *Type:* Personal - *Role:* Author - *Information:* National Measurement Laboratory, National Bureau of Standards, Washington D.C. **Map** - *Name:* Hill, Robert Thomas, 1858-1941 - *Type:* Personal - *Role:* Cartographer - *Information:* "By Robert T. Hill" **Opera score** - *Name:* Smith, Julia, 1905-1989 - *Type:* Personal - *Role:* Composer - *Information:* Music by Julia Smith **Laws of Texas** - *Name:* Texas (Republic). Secretary of State. - *Type:* Organization - *Role:* Compiler **City directory** - *Name:* Morrison & Fourmy Directory Co. - *Type:* Organization - *Role:* Compiler - *Information:* Compilers, Publishers and Proprietors **Committee report** - *Name:* Texas. Legislature. House of Representatives. Committee on Business and Industry. - *Type:* Organization - *Role:* Author **Photograph** - *Name:* Dallas (Tex.). Police Department. - *Type:* Organization - *Role:* Photographer - *Information:* Staff photographer .. _creator-comments: ******** Comments ******** - Name fields are connected to the `UNT Name App`_, which will try to match text against local authority files. Editors should always choose an authorized form from the list if it is available. - The creator field is not constrained by the AACR2 practice of limiting creators to three or fewer names. Include as many creators as are readily available. - If the creator and the publisher are the same, repeat the name in the :doc: `Publisher ` element. - Individuals or organizations with lesser responsibility for creation of the intellectual content of the resource should be recorded in the :doc: `Contributor ` element instead of the creator element. Some examples of contributors are collector, donor, section editor, etc. - The creator roles come primarily from MARC `relator codes `_; not all of the Library of Congress roles are included in the UNT system and several local codes have been added to the UNT list. .. _creator-resources: ********* Resources ********* - UNT Creator Role `controlled vocabulary `__ - UNT Creator Type `controlled vocabulary `__ - :doc:`Creator and Contributor Definitions ` (how to choose which one to use) - `UNT Name App`_ - Library of Congress - `Authorities `_ - `Linked Data Service `_ - `OCLC Worldcat `_ - `Worldcat via FirstSearch `_ (Accessible to UNT staff/students) **More Guidelines:** - :doc:`Quick-Start Metadata Guide ` - `Metadata Home `_