Preservation Terms

Abrasion:  a surface loss caused by wear on the surface of the paper

Adhesive residue:  remnants of adhesive left on paper after tape or a bookplate has been removed

Bleed-across:  migration of ink from one leaf of paper to one opposite

Bleed-through:  migration of ink from one side of the paper to another 

Buckling:  a bulge in the surface of the paper, often the result of humidity or improper shelving

Bumped:  corners of books showing evidence of creasing, bending, or rounding  

Cockling:  a distortion of the paper resulting from non-creasing wrinkles

Colophon:  a notation in the back of a book with publishing details or additional information about the printer  

Foxing:  rust-colored spots that result from a chemical reaction of iron impurities within the paper

Frass:  remnants of fecal matter or food debris from insects

Frontispiece:  an illustration page at the front of a book, often facing the title page

Pastedown:  pages glued to the inside of the cover at the front and back of the book; often decorative, such as with marbled paper

Tipping in:  a process of attaching a loose leaf with a thin line of paste